ACHILLE’S TENDINITIS MEDICAL TREATMENTS

 

 

 

There is no need to talk about classic treatments well known to all such as:

 

-    Complete rest, partial rest, changes in training

-         Ice application

-         Locals Anti-inflammatories

-         Non Steroid AI, or even general corticotherapy

-         Physiotherapy, especially : MTP, ultra-sounds, electrotherapy, rehabilitation, stretching

-         Mesotherapy, almost completely accepted in classical protocol

-         Heal piece , insole of shoe

-         Metabolic disorder correction, diet and hygiene rules

-         Eradication of iatrogenic causes (fluoroquinolones, statines…)

 

We will talk about CO2 Laser therapy...

 

This technique has been used for more than 17 years, now and although very undeveloped and even discredited, it deserves our attention.

 

Its bad reputation has been caused by certain types of apparatus called « soft-lasers » sold between 1985-90.

 

 

 

What is a Laser ?

 

Its definition is included in  the word Laser :

 

 

           Light

          Amplified

      by Stimulated

    Emission

      of Radiations

 

This light has 3 main characteristics :

Monochromaticity, Coherence, Directivity

A Laser has basically 3 main elements :

-         A resonance cavity (a glass tube closed at each end by a mirror, one of which is semi-transparent to allow the exit of the rays)

-         An active medium (gas, solid, or liquid)

-         A pumping system (electrical, optical)

 

Each active medium corresponds to a different wavelength.

 

 

THE BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF THE LASER :

 

These depend on the wavelength, the power, and on the use of continuous or pulsed mode of emission.

 

3 TYPES OF LASERS ARE USED IN THERAPY :

 

The Hélium-Néon laser (HeNe) emits in the visible red, at a very low power, a few mW and penetrates  to a depth of 20-30 mm.

Diode infrared lasers (AsGa), emit in the invisible spectrum between 800 et 1100 nm, have roughly the same penetration as HeNe, have an some Antalgic and anti-inflammatory effects.

This makes it useful for benign recent pathologies when they reach 3-4 W output power.

These 2 types are called « soft-lasers ».

The CO2 Laser is a surgical Laser (Surgery in ENT, dermatology, gynaecology). It is converted into a therapeutical Laser by a dispersion system with mirrors that create a scanning..

Its wavelength is 10600 nm (Far IR, invisible), Its penetration is only 2mm, But its power can reach up to 50 Watts in therapeutic use. It has been used in France since 1983 in Rhumatology and Traumatology.

 

Its Benefits :

- Antalgic

- Anti-inflammatory

- Relaxing

- Regenerative

- Anti-Fibrining

make its interest into the treatment of musculo-tendons chronic and  acute pathologies.

 

 

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300 CASES OF ACHILLE’S TENDINITIS have been treated in CO2 Laser Monotherapy

 

This study was presented at the Sports Medicine Days at Bichat Hospital Paris 1994.

We Used a 30W Laser with scanning, which emits in continuous or pulsed mode with a variable frequency from 50 to 500 Hz, coupled with an HeNe Laser of 3 mW for visibility.

We can also use an handpiece, which can be used directly on the target area.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Protocol :        10 mn exposure

                        3 times a week, for recent tendinites

                        2 times a week for chronic tendinites

                        Total 5 to 15 sessions, about 10 days to 8 weeks of treatment.

                        The results were judged after 3 months

 

Results in 3 categories :

 

VG very good results: complete disappearing of pain, total recovering of anterior sport activity

G, good results : normal resumption of activity, slight persistence of pain in use or touch and/or nodule.

B or I, Bad or Insufficient : Resumption of sport activity impossible, even if there is improvement in everyday life.

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RESULTS:

 

TENDINITIS CORPOREALES : 167 CASES

 

                        VG :           81

                   G :              62

                   B or I :       24                              143 G and VG : 85 % of success.

 

43 of the 95 nodules were completely eradicated during or by the end of the treatment.

122 cases were failure of habitual methods mentioned above, with the average pathology being 7 months old. The effect is residual over 4 to 8 weeks, without associated treatments and with progressive resumption of training.

 

PERI-TENDINITIS : 46 CASES

 

                        VG :           27

                    G :             12

                   B or I :       7                                 39 G and VG : 85 % of success.

 

The average length of time since the beginning of these pathologies is 3 months and 7 to 8 sessions in 3 to 4 weeks

 

ENTHESOPATHISIS/BURSITIS : 68 CASES

 

VG :           39

                    G :             13

                   B or I :       16                        52 G and VG : 76 % of success.

 

These results inferior to those above seem in fact to be improved nowadays with the use of the handpiece, which concentrate the laser on the painful area.

 

POST-SURGERY PAIN :19 CASES

 

                        VG : 10

                   G : 4

                   B or I : 5                                                     14 G and VG : 65 % of success.

 

This group is a mixture of nodular recurrence, bursitis and/or secondary enthesopathisis after combing, for which the results are equivalent to the chapters concerned. The laser is quite inefficient with algodystrophisis. The most spectacular success of the CO2 laser is with cases of fibrosis and scar adherences even years after surgery

Note also the regeneration in a few weeks and 3 to 5 sessions of post-cortisone atrophisis after depigmentation and infiltration of the bursitis.

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PRECAUTION OF USE:

 

This Laser is very powerful, danger of burns is real especially using the handpiece, but used in the proper way, provokes an enjoyable worth and painful effects begins at the end of the session.

Even if  a burn occur, it will be very superficial because of the weak penetration of the rays.

 

SECONDARY EFFECTS :

 

The only undeniable secondary effect is the few outback of pain which can appear just as easily at the beginning at or the end of the treatment

We can in this case:

-         Spread out the sessions over more time

-         Decrease the energy level delivered during the session by diminution of the exposure time or the power level

It can happen that the Laser treatment must be stopped and it is not rare to see in the following days an improvement which would not have been possible if the treatment had continued.

 

CONCLUSION :

 

The CO2 Laser should be bent of the therapeutic arsenal for the Achilles’ tendinitis treatments but also in all others areas. In a next study I will propose you Rotulian's tendinitis.

Unhappily the Therapeutical Laser image has been tarnished by the poor results of the « Soft Lasers ». This fact made this technique abandoned ; there is only a few machine installed in France. Less than 10 machines still in work today.

 

 

                                                                                              Docteur Tania Bellot

                                                                                               Centre Médical « les 4 Temps » Nov 94